Fixed bed

Fixed bed resid units always use multiple catalyst types to provide a complete system of metals removal, desulfurization and hydrogenation. This usual approach is to stage the various functions in order to optimize the desired level of upgrading and cycle length. Demetallation and asphaltene control catalysts are used at the top of the reactor to provide a large capacity for removal of contaminant metals and to prevent asphaltene precipitation. Following the demetallation section there is a transition section with moderate metals capacity but higher activity for desulfurization and denitrogenation. Finally, in the last section of the reactor the highest activity material is used to upgrade the now metal free feed by intense desulfurization and hydrogenation.

Albemarle has a complete line of catalysts to accomplish all aspects of fixed bed resid upgrading. Our KFR line has been widely applied to meet the performance and cycle length objectives of our clients. The complexity of these catalyst systems means that each system is custom designed, using all catalysts at our disposal to meet the clients objectives. If you have a fixed bed resid hydrotreater, please contact your Albemarle representative to see what a KFR system could accomplish in your unit.